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Blood pressure is basically a
simple thing. Your doctor measures it to determine how
strongly the blood is pumping through your veins. This
gives the doctor a general idea of the health of your
veins and heart. Most of the time, this system works
perfectly, but a few things can cause difficulties.
The pressure of the circulating blood decreases as
blood moves through veins, arteries, arterioles, and capillaries; the term blood pressure generally refers to
is arterial pressure, i.e., the pressure in the larger
arteries, arteries are the blood vessels which take
blood away from the heart. Arterial
pressure: is most commonly measured via a
sphygmomanometer, which uses the height of a column of
mercury to reflect the circulating pressure (see
Non-invasive measurement). Although many modern
vascular pressure devices no longer use mercury,
vascular pressure values are still universally
reported in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
The systolic arterial pressure: is defined as the peak
pressure in the arteries, which occurs near the
beginning of the cardiac cycle; the diastolic arterial
pressure is the lowest pressure (at the resting phase
of the cardiac cycle).
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Typical values for
a resting, healthy adult human are approximately 120
mmHg (16 kPa) systolic and 80 mmHg (11 kPa) diastolic
(written as 120/80 mmHg, and spoken as "one twenty
over eighty") with large individual variations. These
measures of arterial pressure are not static, but
undergo natural variations from one heartbeat to
another and throughout the day (in a circadian
rhythm); they also change in response to stress,
nutritional factors, drugs, or disease.
The average
pressure: throughout the cardiac cycle is reported as
mean arterial pressure; the pulse pressure reflects
the difference between the maximum and minimum
pressures measured.
Hypertension: refers to arterial pressure being
abnormally high, as opposed to hypotension, when it is
abnormally low. Along with body temperature, blood
pressure measurements are the most commonly measured
physiological parameters. For more
information visit:
Blood Pressure Formula

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